Black Box Network Hardware ACU1022A User Manual

November 2009  
5
CAT KVM Extender  
ACU1022A  
ACU1028A  
ACU1049A  
ACUVREM  
ACUREMSW  
 
THE SERVSWITCHFAMILY  
Welcome to the ServSwitch™ Family!  
Thank you for purchasing a BLACK BOX® ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender  
model! We appreciate your business, and we think you’ll appreciate the many ways that your  
enhanced keyboard/video/mouse system will save you money, time, and effort.  
That’s because our ServSwitch family is all about breaking away from the traditional,  
expensive model of computer management. You know, the one-size-fits-all-even-if-it-doesn’t  
model that says, “One computer gets one user station, no more, no less.” Why not a single  
user station (monitor, keyboard, and mouse) for multiple computers—even computers of  
different platforms? Why not a pair of user stations, each of which can control multiple  
computers? Why not multiple user stations for the same computer?  
With our ServSwitch products, there’s no reason why not. We carry a broad line of robust  
solutions for all these applications. Do you have just two PCs, and need an economical  
alternative to keeping two monitors, keyboards, and mice on your desk? Or do you need to  
share dozens of computers, including a mix of IBM® PC, RS/6000®, Apple® Macintosh®,  
Sun Microsystems®, and SGI™ compatibles among multiple users with different access  
levels? Does your switch have to sit solidly on a worktable and use regular everyday cables?  
Or does it have to be mounted in an equipment rack and use convenient many-to-one cables?  
No matter how large or small your setup is, no matter how simple or how complex, we’re  
confident we have a ServSwitch system that’s just right for you.  
The ServSwitch™ family from Black Box—the one-stop answer for all your KVM-switching  
needs!  
This manual will tell you all about your new ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender,  
including how to install, operate, and troubleshoot it. For an introduction to the Extender, see  
Chapter 2. The Extender product codes covered in this manual are:  
ACU1022A  
ACU1049A  
ACUVREM  
ACU1028A  
ACUREMSW  
User Guide Revision: 2.0 (November 2009)  
1
 
THE SERVSWITCHFAMILY  
Copyrights and Trademarks  
©2002/2009. All rights reserved. This information may not be reproduced in any manner  
without the prior written consent of the manufacturer.  
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and the manufacturer shall  
not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages in  
connection with the use of this material.  
All trademark and trade names mentioned in this document are acknowledged to be the  
property of their respective owners.  
Disclaimer  
While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual, the manufacturer  
assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither does the manufacturer assume any  
liability for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. The  
manufacturer reserves the right to change the specifications, functions, or circuitry of the  
product without notice.  
The manufacturer cannot accept liability for damage due to misuse of the product or due to  
any other circumstances outside the manufacturer’s control (whether environmental or  
installation related). The manufacturer shall not be responsible for any loss, damage, or injury  
arising directly, indirectly, or consequently from the use of this product.  
Cautions and Notes  
The following symbols are used in this guide:  
CAUTION. This indicates an important operating instruction  
that should be followed to avoid any potential damage to  
hardware or property, loss of data, or personal injury.  
NOTE. This indicates important information to help you make the best use of  
this product.  
2
 
FCC/CDC STATEMENTS  
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION  
AND CANADIAN DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS  
RADIO-FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENTS  
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy, and if not installed  
and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may  
cause interference to radio communication. It has been tested and found to comply with the  
limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart B of  
Part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such  
interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. Operation of this  
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference, in which case the user at his  
own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be necessary to correct the  
interference.  
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance  
could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.  
Shielded cables must be used with this equipment to maintain compliance with radio  
frequency energy emission regulations and ensure a suitably high level of immunity to  
electromagnetic disturbances.  
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emission from digital  
apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulation of the Canadian Department of  
Communications.  
Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites  
applicables aux appareils numériques de la classe A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le  
brouillage radioélectrique publié par le Ministère des Communications du Canada.  
3
 
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY  
EUROPEAN UNION COMPLIANCE STATEMENT  
WARNING!  
This is a class A product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause  
radio interference, in which case the user might be required to take adequate  
remedial measures.  
This product complies with the following harmonized standards for Information Technology  
Equipment: EN55022:2006 (Class A), EN55024:1998 + A1:2001 + A2:2003.  
To maintain compliance the use of correctly installed shielded (STP/FTP) interconnection  
cable is advised. Only use CPU cables and power supplies provided (or recommended) for  
use with this product.  
When used in environments that have high levels of electromagnetic interference or excessive  
power ground noise, you may experience disturbances to video and/or data transmission. If  
this is the case, please refer to the Troubleshooting section of the User Guide for further  
information, or contact Technical Support. In electrically noisy environments, the use of  
shielded (STP/FTP) rather than unshielded (UTP) interconnection cable is recommended.  
4
 
NOM STATEMENT  
NORMAS OFICIALES MEXICANAS (NOM)  
ELECTRICAL SAFETY STATEMENT  
INSTRUCCIONES DE SEGURIDAD  
1. Todas las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser leídas antes de que el  
aparato eléctrico sea operado.  
2. Las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser guardadas para referencia futura.  
3. Todas las advertencias en el aparato eléctrico y en sus instrucciones de operación deben  
ser respetadas.  
4. Todas las instrucciones de operación y uso deben ser seguidas.  
5. El aparato eléctrico no deberá ser usado cerca del agua—por ejemplo, cerca de la tina de  
baño, lavabo, sótano mojado o cerca de una alberca, etc..  
6. El aparato eléctrico debe ser usado únicamente con carritos o pedestals que sean  
recomendados por el fabricante.  
7. El aparato eléctrico debe ser montado a la pared o al techo sólo como sea recomendado  
por el fabricante.  
8. Servicio—El usuario no debe intentar dar servicio al equipo eléctrico más allá a lo  
descrito en las instrucciones de operación. Todo otro servicio deberá ser referido a  
personal de servicio calificado.  
9. El aparato eléctrico debe ser situado de tal manera que su posición no interfiera su uso.  
La colocación del aparato eléctrico sobre una cama, sofá, alfombra o superficie similar  
puede bloquea la ventilación, no se debe colocar en libreros o gabinetes que impidan el  
flujo de aire por los orificios de ventilación.  
10. El equipo eléctrico deber ser situado fuera del alcance de fuentes de calor como  
radiadores, registros de calor, estufas u otros aparatos (incluyendo amplificadores) que  
producen calor.  
11. El aparato eléctrico deberá ser connectado a una fuente de poder sólo del tipo descrito en  
el instructivo de operación, o como se indique en el aparato.  
12. Precaución debe ser tomada de tal manera que la tierra fisica y la polarización del equipo  
no sea eliminada.  
13. Los cables de la fuente de poder deben ser guiados de tal manera que no sean pisados ni  
pellizcados por objetos colocados sobre o contra ellos, poniendo particular atención a los  
contactos y receptáculos donde salen del aparato.  
5
 
NOM STATEMENT  
14. El equipo eléctrico debe ser limpiado únicamente de acuerdo a las recomendaciones del  
fabricante.  
15. En caso de existir, una antena externa deberá ser localizada lejos de las lineas de energia.  
16. El cable de corriente deberá ser desconectado del cuando el equipo no sea usado por un  
largo periodo de tiempo.  
17. Cuidado debe ser tomado de tal manera que objectos liquidos no sean derramados sobre  
la cubierta u orificios de ventilación.  
18. Servicio por personal calificado deberá ser provisto cuando:  
A: El cable de poder o el contacto ha sido dañado; u  
B: Objectos han caído o líquido ha sido derramado dentro del aparato; o  
C: El aparato ha sido expuesto a la lluvia; o  
D: El aparato parece no operar normalmente o muestra un cambio en su desempeño; o  
E: El aparato ha sido tirado o su cubierta ha sido dañada.  
6
 
CONTENTS  
Safety Precautions and Installation Guidelines  
To ensure reliable and safe long-term operation please note the following installation  
guidelines:  
Do not use to link between buildings.  
Only use in dry, indoor environments.  
If the building has 3-phase AC power, try to ensure that equipment connected to the  
Local and Remote Units is on the same phase.  
Try not to route the CATx link cable alongside power cables.  
The use of shielded CATx cable is recommended to maintain compliance.  
Ensure that the system connected to the Local Unit is connected to power ground.  
Ensure that the monitor connected to the Remote Unit is connected to power ground and  
does not use an isolated power supply.  
The Remote Unit and any power supplies can get warm. Do not situate them in an  
enclosed space without any airflow.  
Do not place the power supply directly on top of the Remote Unit.  
This product is not suitable for use in isolated medical environments.  
To safeguard against personal injury and avoid possible  
damage to equipment or property, please observe the  
following:  
Only use power supplies originally supplied with the  
product or manufacturer-approved replacements. Do not  
attempt to dismantle or repair any power supply. Do not  
use a power supply if it appears to be defective or has a  
damaged case.  
Connect all power supplies to grounded outlets. In each  
case, ensure that the ground connection is maintained  
from the outlet socket through to the power supply’s AC  
power input.  
Do not attempt to modify or repair this product, or make  
a connection from the CATx link interface (RJ45) to any  
other products, especially telecommunications or  
network equipment.  
7
 
CONTENTS  
Contents  
1. Quick Setup  
2. Overview 11  
10  
2.1  
2.2  
2.3  
2.4  
2.5  
2.6  
Introduction  
Glossary  
Features  
Product Range  
Compatibility  
11  
11  
13  
14  
15  
16  
How to Use This Guide  
3. Installation  
17  
17  
18  
19  
21  
24  
26  
3.1  
3.2  
3.3  
3.4  
3.5  
3.6  
Package Contents  
Interconnection Cable Requirements  
Remote Unit Installation  
Connecting the Remote Unit  
Local Unit Installation  
Connection to Local Hubs  
4. Remote Unit Configuration & Operation  
28  
28  
29  
4.1  
4.2  
4.3  
Video Configuration Overview  
Video Adjustments  
Other Remote Configuration & Operation Options  
31  
5. Local Unit Operation  
33  
33  
34  
5.1  
5.2  
Overview  
Operation of Dual Access Local Units  
6. Troubleshooting & FAQ  
36  
36  
37  
37  
38  
39  
6.1  
6.2  
6.3  
6.4  
6.5  
Video  
Audio  
Serial  
Keyboard & Mouse  
General Questions  
8
 
CONTENTS  
Appendix A: Example Applications  
Appendix B: Rack Mount Options  
Appendix C: Advanced Cabling Issues (Skew)  
Appendix D: Audio/Serial Ports  
Appendix E: Calling Black Box  
40  
44  
45  
47  
49  
50  
Appendix F: Specifications  
9
 
QUICK SETUP  
1. Quick Setup  
This section briefly describes how to install your KVM extender system and optimize the  
video signals. Unless you are an experienced user, we recommend that you follow the full  
procedures described in the rest of this manual.  
Set Cable Length Jumpers  
Remove Remote Unit cover and set all three jumpers to position  
.
for Interconnect cable length (see page 19)  
Install system  
1. Connect Remote Unit to KVM and audio/serial devices  
Any Problems? See  
(if present).  
Installation and  
Troubleshooting  
sections.  
2. Connect Local Unit or Extender Hub to CPU.  
3. Connect Remote and Local Units with compatible  
CAT5/5e Interconnect cable.  
4. Power up system.  
Provides useful  
image for adjusting  
video.  
View Test Card  
Adjust EQ and Peak controls  
Optimize video quality on Remote console monitor  
10  
 
OVERVIEW  
2. Overview  
2.1 Introduction  
TheServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender products described in this manual enable  
high-resolution video, PS/2 keyboard and mouse, stereo audio, and serial port signals to be  
communicated up to 300m over Category 5/5e (CATx) cable.  
A basic KVM extension system comprises a Local Unit (transmitter) and a Remote Unit  
(receiver). The Local Unit connects directly to the computer (or a KVM switch system) using  
the supplied cable(s). The user console (keyboard, mouse and monitor) attaches to the  
Remote Unit. The Remote and Local Units communicate video and data information along  
the connecting CATx cable (see Figure 1).  
Within the product range, models are available with combinations of the following:  
Audio transmission: bi-directional stereo audio (16-bit digitized).  
Serial transmission: transparent serial COM port (to 19.2Kbps).  
Dual access: allowing a second user console at the Local Unit.  
KVM switch allowing additional CPU to be connected to Remote Unit and used as  
console.  
2.2 Glossary  
The following terms are used in this guide:  
CATx  
Any Category 5, 5e, 6 or higher cable.  
PSU  
Power Supply Unit.  
KVM  
Keyboard, Video and Mouse.  
Console  
Dual Access  
A keyboard, monitor, and mouse, plus optional serial devices.  
A system allowing connection of local and remote user consoles.  
11  
 
OVERVIEW  
Local Access  
ACU1009A, ACU1008A  
and ACU1005A kits  
only.  
Local Unit  
KVM extension over CAT5/5e  
cables up to 300m.  
Remote Unit  
Serial and Audio Transmission  
Kits:  
ACU1022A,ACU1028A  
Remote Unit:  
KVM Switch  
Kit: ACU1049A  
Remote Unit:  
ACUREMSW  
ACUVREM  
Figure 1  
ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender system  
12  
 
OVERVIEW  
2.3 Features  
All members of the ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender product family described here  
offer the following features:  
Support for high video resolution over extended distances:  
1600x1200@60Hz up to 65m  
1280x1024@75Hz up to 120m  
1024x768@75Hz up to 300m  
Adjustable video equalization compensates for loss of image quality over extended cable  
lengths.  
Fully buffered signals to ensure consistent remote operation of your PC.  
DDC emulation in Local Unit ensures compatibility for all standard graphics modes  
(except for SUN models).  
Intelligent PS/2 keyboard and mouse emulation ensures PCs do not lock-up and allows  
peripherals to be hot-plugged.  
Dual-Access models allow local or remote operation.  
Audio/serial models only: Transparent serial port (on certain models) enables any serial  
device to be extended (up to 19.2K Baud). The serial port may be used to extend one  
device (requiring handshaking lines), or up to three simple serial devices (no  
handshaking).  
Audio/serial models only: Bi-directional stereo audio (16-bit digitized) support on  
certain models enables high-quality audio extension.  
Switching models only: KVM switch for connecting additional PC to Remote Unit.  
Local Units are normally powered directly by the PC (or switch).  
Private Mode on dual-access models allows a local user to lock out the remote.  
Rack mount options available.  
Surge protection on each RJ45 port.  
Remote Units are fully compatible with ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender  
Local Hubs.  
CPU cables included (certain models).  
13  
 
OVERVIEW  
2.4 Product Range  
This manual describes the following five products from the ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM  
Extender range:  
KVM, Audio and Serial Extension kits  
Single Video Channel, PS/2 KB & Mouse, Serial, Stereo Audio  
ACU1022A  
Local Unit (Single Access) + Remote Unit  
Single Video Channel, PS/2 KB & Mouse, Serial, Stereo Audio  
ACU1028A  
Local Unit (Dual Access) + Remote Unit  
KVM Extension and Remote KVM Switching kits  
Single Video Channel, PS/2 KB & Mouse  
ACU1049A  
Local Unit (Dual Access) + Remote Unit  
Remote Unit incorporates KVM switch  
Remote Units only  
ACUVREM  
Single Video Channel, PS/2 KB & Mouse, Serial, Stereo Audio  
Single Video Channel, PS/2 KB & Mouse, KVM Switch  
ACUREMSW  
14  
 
OVERVIEW  
2.5 Compatibility  
Interface Compatibility  
PS/2 Keyboard: Compatible with all standard keyboards. Certain keyboards with  
enhanced features may also be supported with custom firmware.  
PS/2 Mouse: Compatible with all standard 2-button, 3-button and wheel mice. To  
connect to a PC that does not have a PS/2 mouse port, an active serial converter is  
required - Model: AC244A.  
Audio: Input and output are line-level. Amplified speakers are required. A microphone  
may be directly connected to the Remote Unit (optional pre-amplification).  
Serial: Transparent up to 19.2K Baud (38.4K operation may be possible with some  
devices). The following serial signals are extended: TX, RX, RTS, CTS, DTR, DSR. In  
rare cases, a wiring adaptor may be required to transfer RI and DCD.  
Video: VGA to SXGA. Separate sync, composite sync, or sync-on-green. Maximum  
resolution and refresh rates depend on cable length and cable type (see Appendix F:  
Specifications, page 50).  
Extender Compatibility  
You can use ServSwitch™ Brand products belonging to the same family in any combination.  
However, it is not possible to mix Standard and Audio products within a system.  
Family  
CAT5  
CATx  
Micro  
Hubs  
Standard  
ACU1001A  
ACU1009A  
ACU1049A  
ACUREM  
ACU2001A  
ACU2009A  
ACU2201A-R2  
ACUR001A  
ACUR002A  
ACUR004A  
ACU3001A  
ACU3009A  
ACUMREM  
ACU1006MRA  
ACU1006RA  
ACU1006DRA  
ACU1012RA  
ACUREMSW  
Audio  
ACU2022A  
ACU2028A  
ACU2222A-R2  
ACURA001A  
ACURA002A  
ACURA004A  
ACU3022A  
ACUWREM  
ACU1006MRVA  
ACU1006VRA  
ACU1006DVRA  
ACU1022A  
ACU1028A  
ACUVREM  
Serial  
SUN  
ACU1002A  
ACU1008A  
ACUSREM  
ACU1006SRA  
ACU1006DSRA  
ACU1004A  
ACU1005A  
PS/2  
ACU1007A  
No Video  
15  
 
OVERVIEW  
2.6 How to Use This Guide  
This guide describes the installation and configuration of Standard and Serial members of the  
ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender range. Although the connection and operation of  
these systems is relatively straightforward, you should consider the following before getting  
started:  
Connection & Compatibility  
If you have purchased an Extender kit, this will contain all the cables required to connect the  
Local Unit to your PC or KVM switch. The remote console (keyboard, monitor and mouse)  
and any serial equipment connect directly to the Remote Unit.  
If you have purchased a Remote Unit, ensure that it is compatible with your Local Unit or hub  
(see Extender Compatibility, page 15).  
For information about connection and installation, see Installation, page 17.  
Interconnection Cable  
You will need CATx cable, terminated with RJ45 plugs, to connect the Local and Remote  
Units (see Interconnection Cable Requirements, page 18).  
Adjusting Video  
Video signals become distorted when transmitted over CATx cable. To get the best from your  
extender system, it is essential that you adjust the Remote Unit to optimize the video image  
quality:  
For experienced users, there is a Quick Setup section at the start of this guide (see page  
10).  
For the full procedure, see Remote Unit Configuration & Operation, page 28.  
Refer to Appendix C: Advanced Cabling Issues (Skew), page 45 for a more in depth  
discussion of skew correction and advanced cabling issues.  
16  
 
INSTALLATION  
3. Installation  
For first-time users, we recommend that you carry out a test placement, confined to a single  
room, before commencing full installation. This will allow you to identify and solve any  
cabling problems, and experiment with the KVM extender system more conveniently.  
3.1 Package Contents  
You should receive the following items in your extender package. If anything is missing,  
please refer to Appendix E: Calling Black Box, page 49.  
Extender Remote Unit.  
9V DC universal power supply for Remote Unit.  
Extender Local Unit.  
Only included in extender kits.  
6ft (1.8m) KVM CPU combination cable with PS/2 (6-pin mini-DIN male-to-male)  
keyboard and mouse connectors and VGA video (HD15 male to female) connector.  
Models: ACU1022A and ACU1028A only.  
Not included with individual Remote Unit ACUVREM.  
3ft (1.0m) KVM CPU combination cable with PS/2 (6-pin mini-DIN male-to-male)  
keyboard and mouse connectors, VGA video (HD15 male) connector, and 25-way  
(DB25 Female) extender connector.  
Model: ACU1049A only.  
6ft (1.8m) Serial cable (DB9 male/female connectors, 1:1 connections).  
Models: ACU1022A and ACU1028A only.  
6ft (1.8m) Dual audio cable (3.5mm stereo plugs).  
Models: ACU1022A and ACU1028A only.  
IEC AC Power Cord.  
Quick Start Guide.  
17  
 
INSTALLATION  
3.2 Interconnection Cable Requirements  
To connect the Local and Remote Units you will need CATx (any category 5, 5e, 6 or higher)  
cable terminated with RJ45 plugs. Please note that shielded cable is advised to maintain  
regulatory EMC compliance.  
Interconnect cables must be solid-core type. Stranded patch cable will give poor results over  
longer distances. The pairing of the cable and pinning of its connectors should normally be in  
accordance with EIA-568B.  
Pin*  
Color  
Signal  
(EIA-568B)  
1
2
White/Orange  
Orange/White  
Blue Video  
Green Video  
3
6
White/Green  
Green/White  
4
5
Blue/White  
White/Blue  
Red Video  
Data  
7
8
White/Brown  
Brown/White  
* Looking into the RJ45 socket on a Remote Unit, Pin 1 is on the right and Pin 8 on the left.  
EIA-568A wiring can also be used. Contact Technical Support for details.  
With some cables, video performance may be improved by using a crossover  
patch cable at each end, an alternative RJ45 pin-out or an external skew  
correction device (see Appendix C: Advanced Cabling Issues (Skew), page  
45).  
18  
 
INSTALLATION  
3.3 Remote Unit Installation  
Setting the Cable Length Jumpers  
If your application uses a CATx cable less than 75m in length, you can  
continue to the next section.  
Remote Units incorporate video equalization circuitry, allowing you to compensate for the  
loss in image quality that occurs when video signals are transmitted along lengthy CATx  
cables. At the factory, Remote Units are configured to optimize the video signals for  
Interconnect cables up to 100m in length.  
If you intend to use cables of 100-300m in length:  
1. Unfasten and remove the screws on each side of the Remote Unit.  
2. Carefully remove the top plate.  
3. Locate the three cable length jumpers on the Remote Unit’s main circuit board (see  
Figure 2).  
Power  
Mouse K’board  
Video  
Cable  
Length  
Jumpers  
RJ45 Brightness Focus  
Figure 2  
Location of cable length jumpers on Remote Unit’s main  
circuit board  
19  
 
INSTALLATION  
4. Set the three cable length jumpers as follows:  
Interconnect Cable  
Length (m)  
Jumper Position  
(as viewed from front, with RJ45 connector towards you)  
0 – 100  
No jumpers (default)  
100 – 200  
200 – 300  
If you are at the top end of a cable range, and you are using a high  
screen resolution (1024x768 or higher), you may achieve better quality  
video compensation by selecting the next cable length range.  
Ensure that all three jumpers are set to the same position. If you are  
carrying out a test placement prior to final installation, set the jumpers  
to the positions appropriate to the test cable’s length. When your tests  
are complete, set the jumpers to the positions appropriate for the CATx  
cable length used in the full installation.  
While you have the Remote Unit’s cover off, you may also want to change some of the other  
jumper settings or DIP switch options:  
20  
 
INSTALLATION  
3.4 Connecting the Remote Unit  
To install a Remote Unit:  
1. Switch off all devices.  
Connect your keyboard, monitor(s) and mouse to the Remote Unit as shown in Figure 3  
(Switching) or Figure 4 (Audio/Serial).  
These ports may also be attached to the CPU side of a KVM switch in  
order to have a remote CPU. However, if you are attempting to use the  
extender between cascaded KVM switches this may not work. Please  
contact Technical Support to discuss your application.  
2. If appropriate, connect audio equipment and serial devices. Connect the audio cables as  
follows:  
Remote Unit  
Audio Out  
Audio Device  
Speakers  
Audio In (MIC)  
Microphone  
3. Connect the CATx cable to the INTERCONNECT socket on the front of the Remote  
Unit as shown in Figure 5.  
4. Turn the Brightness and Focus controls fully anticlockwise.  
5. Connect the 9V power supply to power the unit.  
Only use the power supply originally supplied with this  
equipment or a manufacturer approved replacement.  
21  
 
INSTALLATION  
Connect to additional PC  
using DB25 male connector  
of 3-in-1 CPU KVM cable.  
Connect to  
monitor.  
Connect PS/2  
keyboard and  
mouse.  
Connect approved  
9V power supply.  
Figure 3  
Switching Remote Unit (ACUREMSW – also supplied with  
ACU1049A kit) – rear view  
Connect to speakers and  
microphone.  
Connect to serial device, for  
example, a touch screen.  
Connect to  
monitor.  
Connect PS/2  
keyboard and  
mouse.  
Connect  
approved 9V  
power supply.  
Figure 4  
Audio Remote Units (ACUVREM – also supplied with  
ACU1022A and ACU1028A kits)– rear view  
22  
 
INSTALLATION  
Interconnect – carries video and data  
signals. Connect to Interconnect port on  
Local Unit using CATx cable.  
Brightness –  
adjusts image  
brightness  
Focus– compensates  
video for smearing or  
over-sharpness  
Figure 5  
Remote Unit - front view  
23  
 
INSTALLATION  
3.5 Local Unit Installation  
To install a Local Unit:  
1. Switch off the PC and any peripheral devices before connection.  
2. Using the supplied CPU KVM cable(s), connect the keyboard, monitor(s) and mouse  
connectors on the computer (or KVM switch) to the corresponding connectors on the  
Local Unit as shown in Figure 6.  
Ensure that you attach the keyboard and mouse connectors to the correct ports. The  
keyboard connector is purple; the mouse connector is green.  
If your PC does not have a PS/2 mouse port, an active serial converter  
will be required - Model No: AC244A.  
3. If you have a dual access system, connect the keyboard, mouse and monitor for the local  
console to the appropriate ports on the Local Unit. The ports may also be used to feed  
into a KVM switch.  
4. If you have an audio-enabled unit, connect the audio cables between the computer and  
Local Unit as follows:  
Computer  
Local Unit  
Audio In  
Audio Out (green)  
Audio In/Microphone (pink/blue)  
Audio Out  
5. If you have a serial-enabled unit, connect the supplied serial cable between the serial  
port on the computer and the Local Unit.  
6. Connect the CATx cable to the INTERCONNECT socket on the front of the Local Unit  
(see Figure 7).  
7. Power up the PC.  
The Local Unit normally takes power through the PCs keyboard port. In  
video only applications, this connection is not used and an external PSU  
is required.  
Please contact Technical Support to obtain a suitable power supply.  
24  
 
INSTALLATION  
ACU1022A and ACU1028A only  
Connect to audio ports on  
computer.  
Connect to serial  
port on computer.  
Connect to  
computer’s  
video output.  
Connect to computer’s  
PS/2 keyboard and  
mouse ports.  
Connect to  
Local monitor.  
Connect to Local  
PS/2 keyboard  
and mouse.  
All units  
ACU1028A and ACU1049A only  
Figure 6  
Standard Local Unit - rear view  
INTERCONNECT – carries video and data signals. Connect to CATx  
cable connected to INTERCONNECT on Remote Unit.  
Figure 7  
Local Unit – front view  
25  
 
INSTALLATION  
3.6 Connection to Local Hubs  
Remote Units are compatible with ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender Local Hubs  
belonging to the same family:  
Remote Units  
Compatible Local Rack Hubs  
ACUREMSW  
ACU1006RA, ACU1006DRA, ACU1012RA  
ACU1022A, ACU1028A,  
ACUVREM  
ACU1006VRA, ACU1006DVRA  
A simple example of the use of a Local Hub Unit in which an ACUVREM Remote Unit is  
connected to each hub port, is shown in Figure 8. For more complex examples showing the  
use of Local Hubs with ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender Remote Units in efficient  
ways, see Appendix A: Example Applications, page 40.  
Individual Local Hub operation is not covered in this guide. Please refer to  
the documentation supplied with your Local Hub unit.  
26  
 
INSTALLATION  
Figure 8  
Simple system using ACU1006VRA Hub and ACUVREM  
Remote Units to extend audio, serial and KVM for up to six  
PCs  
27  
 
REMOTE UNIT CONFIGURATION & OPERATION  
4. Remote Unit Configuration &  
Operation  
Cat5/5e cables are specifically designed for networking applications and not for transmitting  
analog video. Your CATx KVM extender includes, and requires, advanced technology to  
enable its use at high screen resolutions. This section describes how to optimize the video  
signal, configure the Extender system and operate the Remote Unit.  
4.1 Video Configuration Overview  
To get the best out of your extender system it is essential that you configure it correctly and  
tune the video signal. Tuning is necessary because of distortions that occur in a video signal  
when it is transmitted over lengthy CAT5/5e cables. Generally, you only need to carry out  
this procedure after installation.  
When you have installed your extender system, run an application that requires a high screen  
resolution. Examine the video image on the remote console’s monitor. You may see some of  
the following distortion effects:  
Smearing  
Loss of Sharpness  
Black smearing at the  
right edge of large  
horizontal objects such  
as title bars.  
Blurring and lack  
of detail, edges  
appearing too  
bright and sharp.  
Color Separation or Skew  
Displacement of  
Brightness  
Image appears  
individual colors  
(caused by timing  
differences in RGB  
signal reception).  
brighter or darker  
than the original.  
The Remote Unit’s Focus control allows you to correct smearing and loss of sharpness  
effects. The Brightness control adjusts video image brightness.  
28  
 
REMOTE UNIT CONFIGURATION & OPERATION  
Skew only tends to be a problem at high screen resolutions with long interconnect cables. We  
recommend the use of low skew CAT5/5e cable for all applications. Please contact Technical  
Support for more information.  
With some cables, video performance may be improved by using a  
crossover patch cable at each end, an alternative RJ45 pin-out or an  
external skew correction device (see Appendix C: Advanced Cabling  
Issues (Skew), page 45).  
The alternative ServSwitch™ Brand CATx KVM Extender range has been  
specifically designed for the extension of high screen resolutions  
(1600x1200) over long CATx cables (300m). ServSwitch™ Brand CATx  
KVM Extenders have fully integrated skew compensation and independent  
control of low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) cable equalization.  
4.2 Video Adjustments  
Remote Units feature a number of correction tools to simplify video optimization. This  
procedure is straightforward and only needs to be carried out once.  
Please note that cable equalization cannot be exact – the remote image will  
never be as sharp as the original. The KVM Extender’s equalization system  
produces good results for short to medium length cables (<150m).  
Adjusting Video  
Use the following step-by-step procedure to optimize the video image on the remote console:  
1. If possible, view the online test card at:  
This is an image (see Figure 9) created and used by the manufacturer for video optimization  
purposes. It is particularly useful for observing skew. If you are unable to view the test card,  
display some text in a large font on a white background.  
You should also open up other application windows to check the clarity of  
text in tool bars and icons on the desktop.  
2. Turn the Brightness and Focus controls on the Remote Unit fully anti-clockwise. The  
image quality may be poor at this point.  
3. Use the Focus control to adjust video equalization. If the video signal is under-  
compensated, you will notice black smearing on the right-hand edge of large horizontal  
objects such as title bars. If it is overcompensated, horizontal edges may become bright  
and too sharp. Rotate the Focus control clockwise until these effects disappear. The  
compensation is now adjusted correctly for the length of cable.  
29  
 
REMOTE UNIT CONFIGURATION & OPERATION  
If you are at the top end of a cable range, for example, 80m (250ft), and  
you are using a high screen resolution (1024x768 or higher), you may  
achieve better quality video compensation by selecting the next cable  
length range using the cable length jumpers (see page 19). Use the  
Brightness control to adjust the brightness of the overall picture. After  
adjusting this control, you may need to re-adjust the Focus control.  
4. If you are using a flat panel monitor at the remote console, carry out auto-  
adjustment as described in the monitor’s documentation. Sometimes manual  
adjustment of clock and/or phase is also required for optimum results and  
minimization of jitter.  
Figure 9  
On-line test card available at  
30  
 
REMOTE UNIT CONFIGURATION & OPERATION  
4.3 Other Remote Configuration & Operation  
Options  
Keyboard ‘hot’ keys are used to carry out various functions on both Remote and Local Units.  
To enter these commands:  
1. Press and release the initial ‘hot’ key.  
By default, the initial ‘hot’ key is <Right Control>  
2. Press and release the command key.  
Changing the Initial Hot Key  
The initial ‘hot’ key for both Remote and Local Units may be changed from <Right  
Control> to <Left Control> using a DIP switch on the Remote Unit’s main circuit board  
(see Figure 10).  
Power  
Mouse K’board  
Video  
SW1 DIP  
switches  
RJ45 Brightness Focus  
DIP Switch settings  
Not used  
OFF  
ON  
Initial Hot Key  
Right Control  
Left  
Control  
Not used  
Not used  
Figure 10  
Remote Unit DIP switches on Audio/Serial/Switching  
CAT5/5e KVM Extenders  
31  
 
REMOTE UNIT CONFIGURATION & OPERATION  
Hot Key Commands  
After pressing the initial ‘hot’ key on the remote keyboard, you can issue a number of  
commands by pressing additional keys. These commands allow you to start a private mode  
session on the remote console or to reset the keyboard and mouse.  
Command  
Key Sequence  
<Scroll Lock>  
Private Mode  
(ACU1028A, ACU1049A, ACUVREM, ACUREMSW  
only)  
Audio/Serial Local Units that feature dual access allow the remote user to lock out the local  
console by triggering a ‘Private Mode’ function. This prevents the local console from being  
used even if a two second inactivity timeout period expires.  
During a Private Mode session, the extender system:  
Flashes the Scroll Lock LED on the remote keyboard.  
Illuminates all three LEDs on the local keyboard.  
Displays a blank image on the local console’s monitor.  
Locks the local console’s keyboard and mouse.  
Reset Keyboard and Mouse  
<Num-Pad Up Arrow>  
Reset the remote console’s keyboard and mouse. You may need to do this if you have hot-  
plugged a keyboard or mouse and it has not initialized correctly.  
Mouse Recovery  
<Num-Pad Left Arrow>  
Use this command if you experience erratic movement of the mouse pointer or you have lost  
mouse movement after hot plugging the Local Unit into the CPU. In the case of erratic  
mouse movement, you may need to enter the command a number of times to re-synchronize  
the mouse signal. Alternatively, stop moving the mouse for a few seconds and the operating  
system’s mouse drivers may automatically re-synchronize the signal. If the Local Unit has  
been hot-plugged, this command will issue a request to the OS to initialize the mouse. Use  
this command with care.  
Switch to other PC  
<Num-Pad + >  
(ACU1049A and ACUREMSW only)  
Toggles KVM switch in Remote Unit so that the remote console controls either the second  
PC (connected directly to the Remote Unit) or the extended PC.  
Note: On power-up, the Remote Unit will switch to the first active CPU.  
32  
 
LOCAL UNIT OPERATION  
5. Local Unit Operation  
5.1 Overview  
You need to read this section if you have purchased an extender system kit containing both a  
Local and Remote Unit.  
For more information about serial/audio port operation, see Appendix D: Audio/Serial  
Ports, page 47.  
Keyboard and Mouse Emulation  
Local Units have keyboard and mouse emulation. The attached PC operates normally without  
requiring a keyboard or mouse to be attached to either the Remote or Local Units (in the case  
of a dual access system). You can therefore replace any keyboard or mouse attached to the  
extender system without disrupting the operation of the computer.  
Power Requirements  
Local Units normally take power from the keyboard connection to the computer. For video  
only applications, you must apply external power through this port. Use an external 5V PSU  
with PS/2 connector (Model: PSU1001E-LOCAL).  
Contact Technical Support for further information.  
33  
 
LOCAL UNIT OPERATION  
5.2 Operation of Dual Access Local Units  
Models ACU1028A and ACU1049A offer dual access with a second console at the Local  
Unit. This operates on a first-come, first-served basis. When one console is in use, the system  
blocks out the other console until there is no keyboard or mouse use at the active console for  
a set time: the Inactivity Timeout Period. This is fixed at two seconds. Thereafter, any  
keyboard or mouse action at the other console switches console activity.  
When the PC is booted, the local console is active. When you are activating  
a console, the first key or mouse press is not passed to the PC.  
ACU1028A only: When the local console is in Private Mode, audio  
transmission to the Remote Unit is stopped but the serial link is maintained  
Hot Key Commands  
With dual access systems, keyboard hot keys are used to carry out various functions at the  
local console.  
To enter these commands:  
1. Press and release the initial ‘hot’ key.  
By default, the initial ‘hot’ key is <Right Control>.  
2. Press and release the command key.  
With these systems, the Scroll Lock operates as normal unless you have pressed the initial hot  
key.  
Changing the Initial Hot Key  
The Local Unit’s initial ‘hot’ key may be changed from <Right Control> to <Left Control>  
using a DIP switch on the Remote Unit’s main circuit board (see Figure 10).  
34  
 
LOCAL UNIT OPERATION  
Local Console Commands  
After pressing the initial ‘hot’ key on the local keyboard, you can issue a number of  
commands by pressing additional keys. These commands allow you to start a private mode  
session on the local console or to reset the keyboard and mouse.  
These commands only apply to Local Units having firmware versions ‘S50’  
and above.  
Command  
Key Sequence  
<Scroll Lock>  
Private Mode  
(ACU1028A and ACU1049A only)  
Audio/Serial Local Units that feature dual access allow the local user to lock out the remote  
console by triggering a ‘Private Mode’ function. This prevents the remote console from  
being used even if the two second inactivity timeout period expires.  
During a Private Mode session, the extender system:  
Flashes the Scroll Lock LED on the local keyboard.  
Illuminates all three LEDs on the remote keyboard.  
Displays a blank image on the remote console’s monitor.  
Locks the remote console’s keyboard and mouse.  
Stops audio transmission.  
Switches to remote CPU (ACU1049A only).  
Reset Keyboard and Mouse  
<Num-Pad Up Arrow>  
Reset the local console’s keyboard and mouse. You may need to do this if you have hot-  
plugged a keyboard or mouse and it has not initialized correctly.  
Mouse Recovery  
<Num-Pad Left Arrow>  
Use this command if you experience erratic movement of the mouse pointer or you have lost  
mouse movement after hot plugging the Local Unit into the CPU. In the case of erratic  
mouse movement, you may need to enter the command a number of times to re-synchronize  
the mouse signal. Alternatively, stop moving the mouse for a few seconds and the operating  
system’s mouse drivers may automatically re-synchronize the signal. If the Local Unit has  
been hot-plugged, this command will issue a request to the OS to initialize the mouse. Use  
this command with care.  
The ACU1049A Local Unit allows the local console to operate the local  
CPU and the remote console to operate the remote CPU at the same time.  
35  
 
TROUBLESHOOTING & FAQ  
6. Troubleshooting & FAQ  
6.1 Video  
The image is not sharp, or is badly smeared.  
Have you adjusted the video equalization? Follow the instructions on page 29.  
Check the Interconnect cable between the Remote and Local Units. Is it of the  
recommended type (see page 17)? Is it intact along its entire length and securely  
connected at both ends? Is it wired correctly?  
Ensure that all video connections throughout the system are attached securely.  
Are you using an LCD panel? You need to adjust its clock and/or phase.  
Colors appear to be separated and there are colored borders on text and icons.  
Check that the compensation jumper setting is correct for the length of your  
Interconnect cable (see page 19).  
Check the Interconnect cable between the Remote and Local Units. Is it of the  
recommended type (see page 17)? Is it intact along its entire length and securely  
connected at both ends? Is it wired correctly?  
See Appendix C: Advanced Cabling Issues (Skew), page 45.  
I only need video extension – not keyboard or mouse - but I can’t get a picture  
Have you powered the Local Unit? The Local Unit gets its power from the CPU  
through the keyboard connection and it will not operate without it. Use an external  
5V PSU as described on page 33.  
The monitor sometimes goes blank for a second or two.  
Check that the interconnect cable is not routed near power lines or other sources of  
electrical interference. Use shielded STP/FTP cable instead of UTP cable ensuring  
that the shield connection is maintained between the extender units.  
Check system grounding. The Remote Unit has an isolated power supply and relies  
on obtaining a ground reference through the connected monitor. Some monitors on  
the market have an external PSU which itself may be isolated from power ground.  
If this is the case, and you are experiencing monitor blanking, you may need to  
consider grounding the Remote Unit chassis (to power ground) or replacing the  
monitor’s power supply with a non-isolated model.  
If this is a persistent problem, contact Technical Support.  
36  
 
TROUBLESHOOTING & FAQ  
The PC won’t boot into the correct graphics mode  
The extender includes DDC emulation for all standard resolutions and there should  
not normally be any issues.  
For non-standard resolutions, you will need to explicitly set the resolution in your  
operating system configuration ignoring the DDC data read from the Local Unit.  
Contact Technical Support if you have problems selecting your required graphics  
mode.  
Can the extender be used with RGB video?  
Yes.  
6.2 Audio  
The audio is very quiet.  
The audio I/O is line-level and requires amplified speakers and connection to  
devices providing line-level I/O.  
The audio is loud but distorted.  
Check that the audio input is not greater than line level (4V peak-to-peak). The  
KVM extender accepts line-level audio input only.  
The microphone output is barely audible.  
See Appendix D: Audio/Serial Ports, page 47.  
6.3 Serial  
My serial device does not function.  
The extender supports serial devices at data rates not exceeding 19.2K Baud  
(although 38.4K operation might be possible with certain equipment).  
Check the type of flow control used by the device and CPU. The extender supports  
RTS, CTS, DTR, and DSR. Some systems may require a wiring adapter to transfer  
RI and DCD.  
Attach the device directly to the serial port on the PC and test whether the problem  
is a PC or extender problem.  
Some serial devices cannot be hot-plugged. Try connecting the device to a powered  
Remote Unit prior to booting the system.  
37  
 
TROUBLESHOOTING & FAQ  
6.4 Keyboard & Mouse  
When I am typing, I get wrong or missing characters on the screen.  
Your keyboard may be in the wrong mode. Use the appropriate commands to reset  
the keyboard and mouse as described in the sections covering local and remote  
operation.  
The PC comes up with ‘keyboard error’.  
Press <F1> or <ESC>. If the keyboard now operates correctly, you need to adjust  
the BIOS setup to disable keyboard testing during booting.  
The system does not detect a PS/2 mouse.  
If connecting the Local Unit to a live system, connect the mouse cable to the CPU  
before keyboard connection to ensure the mouse is enabled correctly. Try issuing  
the Mouse Recovery command.  
Check that the mouse cable is connected properly and securely. Reboot the system.  
The mouse pointer moves erratically.  
Reset the keyboard and mouse.  
Issue the Mouse Recovery command up to three times.  
Ensure that you have the latest driver for your mouse.  
If you are using the extender with a KVM switch, command the switch to reset the  
mouse.  
Quit and restart the application. Reboot the PC.  
When I ‘hot-plug’ the Local Unit, the mouse no longer moves.  
When connecting the Local Unit to a live system, connect the mouse cable to the  
CPU before keyboard connection to ensure the mouse is enabled.  
Try issuing the Mouse Recovery command.  
Some of the mouse buttons don’t work.  
The Extenders support standard 2/3-button mice (with or without a wheel).  
Additional buttons will not operate.  
I have an enhanced keyboard with extra keys and indicators. Everything works apart from  
these additional features.  
The extender emulates a generic PS/2 keyboard. To support other keyboards (or  
cascaded KVM switches), special firmware offering a transparent mode may be  
required. Please contact Technical Support to discuss your application.  
38  
 
TROUBLESHOOTING & FAQ  
6.5 General Questions  
Is it possible to use a cable longer than 300m?  
It might be possible to use a cable of up to 500m at lower resolutions. However, we  
do not recommend this and cannot guarantee that it will work.  
Can the extender be daisy chained?  
In certain circumstances, it is possible to cascade extenders, though we do not  
recommend doing so. Careful consideration needs to be given to extender setup,  
and the electrical environment. If you plan to cascade extenders, please contact  
Technical Support.  
Which interconnection cable is best?  
The extender will operate with either shielded (STP/FTP) or unshielded (UTP)  
CATx cable. However, correctly installed shielded cable is preferred, especially in  
electrically noisy environments, because it resists interference more strongly, limits  
ground potential differences, and reduces emissions. To benefit from shielded cable  
the shield connection must be maintained from end to end through any intervening  
patch cables, panels and RJ45 connectors.  
Please note that shielded cable is advised in order to maintain regulatory EMC  
compliance.  
Can the extender system be used between buildings?  
No. Ground loops could damage the extender system and attached equipment.  
Can multiple Local/Remote Units be used by swapping the interconnection cable?  
Local Units provide full keyboard and mouse emulation, so it is possible to swap or  
switch the local-remote interconnection to create a KVM matrix-switch system.  
Sometimes you may need to reset the keyboard and mouse (by entering the  
appropriate command) after a swap or switch. Please call Technical Support before  
deploying such a system.  
Can the extender be connected into our network?  
Absolutely not. Regardless of the cable similarities, the data signals and voltages  
used by the extender are different from those used by Ethernet and other types of  
networks. Connecting the extender to a LAN hub, switch, repeater, or other  
network device, or exposing it to the signal levels present on network data lines  
may damage the extender and other devices.  
39  
 
APPENDIX A: EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS  
Appendix A: Example Applications  
This section illustrates three specific applications using ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM  
Extender units:  
Six remote serial touch screens with local access through a KVM switch  
(Figure 11).  
Information distribution system sharing a single PC at up to six remote locations  
(Figure 12).  
ACU1049A extender kit allows remote user to switch between remote and local CPUs  
(Figure 13).  
For more information about these, or any other complex applications, please discuss suitable  
extension architecture with Technical Support.  
40  
 
APPENDIX A: EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS  
KVM Switch  
Local access ports connect to  
single KVM console through switch.  
ACU1006DVRA Extender Hub  
Takes KVM and serial signals  
from each CPU (only two shown).  
ACUVREM  
Remote Units connect  
to touch screens.  
Figure 11  
Touch screen network with local access to CPUs through  
KVM switch.  
41  
 
APPENDIX A: EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS  
5V PSU  
ACU1006DVRA Extender Hub  
CPU connects to Port 1. Local access ports are  
daisy-chained to allow operation from any console  
and/or video to be distributed to multiple locations.  
ACUVREM  
Remote Units connect  
to KVM consoles.  
Figure 12  
Information distribution system sharing a single PC  
42  
 
APPENDIX A: EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS  
Dual access to extended  
CPU available at Local Unit  
ACU1049A Kit  
(uses ACUREMSW Remote Unit)  
Allows user at Remote console to  
switch between extended CPU and  
CPU connected to Remote Unit.  
Figure 13  
ACU1049A kit with switching Remote Unit  
43  
 
APPENDIX B: RACK MOUNT OPTIONS  
Appendix B: Rack Mount Options  
Extender units can be mounted in a 19” rack using the mounting kit::RMK19U-R2.  
Each kit consists of two angled brackets.  
To mount a unit:  
1. Remove the two screws from one side of the unit.  
2. Match up the lower pair of holes on a bracket with the vacant screw holes on the side of  
the unit.  
3. Using the original screws, fasten the mounting brackets to the side of the unit.  
4. Repeat this procedure on the other side of the unit.  
5. Fasten the assembly to the rack unit.  
Figure 14  
RMK19U-R2 Mounting Kit  
44  
 
APPENDIX C: ADVANCED CABLING ISSUES (SKEW)  
Appendix C: Advanced Cabling Issues  
(Skew)  
This section discusses skew and how to minimize its effects.  
What is Skew?  
Each color in the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) video signal is sent down a separate pair of wires  
in the Interconnect cable. On many cables, the twist rates differ and this leads to each color  
arriving at a slightly different time and therefore spreading out on the screen.  
Certain CATx cables can show noticeable skew when operating at high video resolutions over  
longer lengths of cable (see page 28). Skew problems are best avoided by using ‘low skew’  
cable. This is CATx cable with closely matched twist rates. Please contact Technical Support  
for recommendations.  
Correcting Skew  
If a change in cable is not possible, or if you still observe color separation when using low  
skew cable, you could try one of the techniques described in this section:  
Optimizing pairs (to match pairs for RGB video)  
Patch cables (to minimize visible distortion)  
Extender with Skew Compensation (to delay fastest signals)  
You can check the relative delays in the color signals using the test card, as described on page  
29. Skew causes the color bars in the test pattern to be displayed at slightly different  
horizontal positions on the screen. To fully correct skew, the two color bars furthest to the left  
require delaying until they align with the color bar on the right (slowest).  
Optimizing Pairs  
This technique is a general solution for optimizing video transmission along a CATx cable.  
The aim is to arrange the color and data signals as shown in the following table:  
Pins  
Pair  
Signal  
7 & 8  
1 & 2  
4 & 5  
3 & 6  
Shortest Pair (Fastest)  
3rd Longest Pair  
2nd Longest Pair  
Longest Pair (Slowest)  
Data  
Blue Video  
Red Video  
Green Video  
45  
 
APPENDIX C: ADVANCED CABLING ISSUES (SKEW)  
You can measure pair lengths with a LAN cabling tester (TDR) or view pairs by stripping  
back a small piece of cable and viewing how tightly the pairs are twisted. The most tightly  
twisted pair is the slowest (longest) and the loosest pair the fastest (shortest). You can also  
observe relative delays using the test card.  
Some cables have a ‘3+1’ construction where three pairs closely match. The fourth pair  
should be used for data and the other pairs sorted as in the above table. Other cables have a  
‘2+2’ construction where there are two sets of dissimilar pairs. Put red and green on one set  
(tightest) and blue & data on the other.  
A suitable pair-swapping scheme is easily made using custom wired patch cables at each end  
of the Interconnect cable.  
Extender with Skew compensation  
In more extreme cases, you should consider using an alternative extender with an in-built  
Skew Compensation feature such as the ACU2000 series. This allows you to set independent  
delay values of up to 42nS on each color signal. Contact Technical Support for details  
Patch Cable  
To obtain optimal video performance with your existing setup, it is desirable to have the  
green signal as the reference (slowest). This is because the human eye is extremely sensitive  
to additional green distortion (introduced by delays).  
If your system requires a large delay on the green signal, try using a crossover patch cable at  
each end of the link (instead of straight patch cables to connect to wall outlets). In many  
cases, the crossover should transfer the delay requirement to the blue signal rather than green.  
The human eye is much less sensitive to blue distortion and so video quality appears to be  
improved. The main cable should be wired according to EIA-568B as shown on page 17.  
Using a crossover cable (at each end) will put the green video on the orange colored pair and  
the blue video on the green colored pair.  
EIA-568A wiring can also be used to the same effect. Contact Technical  
Support for details.  
The alternative ServSwitch™ Brand CATx KVM Extender range  
(ACU2000 series) has been specifically designed for the extension of high  
screen resolutions (1600x1200) over long CATx cables (300m).  
ServSwitch™ Brand CATx KVM Extenders have fully integrated skew  
compensation and independent control of low frequency (LF) and high  
frequency (HF) cable equalization.  
46  
 
APPENDIX D: AUDIO/SERIAL PORTS  
Appendix D: Audio/Serial Ports  
Operation & Multi-Port Configuration  
This appendix describes audio & serial interface operation for:  
ACU1022A  
ACU1028A  
ACUVREM  
These extender products contain daughter boards that allow bi-directional stereo audio and a  
full-duplex serial data link to be sent across the CAT5/5e interconnection cable in addition to  
PS/2 keyboard, mouse and video.  
When a dual access Local Unit is in a Private Mode session, audio  
transmissions to the Remote Unit are stopped but the serial link remains  
active.  
Set up and Operation  
No setting up or user adjustments are required.  
The Remote Unit’s serial port is wired as DTE - the same as that on a PC. To connect a serial  
printer or other DTE (rather than DCE device) to the Remote Unit, you will need a Null-  
Modem crossover cable between the Remote Unit and the printer. Select Xon/Xoff software  
flow control on the printer and PC.  
A serial touch screen may be plugged directly into the Remote Unit.  
Please note that on dual access Local Units, the serial link is always active.  
Handling Multiple Serial Devices  
The extender’s serial interface transmits/receives six signals (3 signals in each direction).  
Normally, four of these signals are used for hardware handshaking (in addition to TX & RX).  
However, because each handshaking line can support signals up to 19,200 Baud it is possible  
to configure the serial interface to handle up to three simple 2-wire (Tx/Rx only) serial links.  
To do this, you will need to construct a custom breakout cable. Please contact Technical  
Support for further information.  
47  
 
APPENDIX D: AUDIO/SERIAL PORTS  
Audio Interface  
Set Up and Operation  
The audio interface is line-level and is designed to take the output from a sound card (or other  
line-level) source and be connected to a set of powered speakers at the other end of the link.  
Stereo audio may be transmitted either way across the link (simultaneously).  
No setup is required unless a microphone is connected to the Remote Unit.  
Connect the extender as follows:  
Take the line-level output from your sound card (green connector) and connect to ‘Line  
In’ on the Local Unit.  
Connect ‘Line Out’ on the Remote Unit to a set of powered speakers.  
There is no output on the Local Unit to connect a set of speakers. If you require a set of  
speakers at the local console, use a 3.5mm stereo socket doubler on the audio input to the  
extender.  
Using a Microphone  
A microphone may be plugged into the ‘Line In’ connector on the Remote Unit.  
There are two ways of setting up a microphone:  
The Local Unit’s ‘Line Out’ connection should normally be wired to the microphone  
input (Pink) on your sound card. The sound card should then be set up to provide  
additional amplification (+17dB). This is the preferred connection method.  
Alternatively, the Remote Unit itself can provide microphone amplification. To set this,  
open up the Remote Unit and locate the jumper labeled ‘MIC’ on the daughter board.  
Connect this jumper across the pins. The Local Unit’s ‘Line Out’ connection should then  
be wired to ‘Line In’ (Blue) on your sound card.  
If your microphone is already amplified, follow the second method but DO NOT install the  
amplification jumper in the Remote Unit.  
48  
 
APPENDIX E: CALLING BLACK BOX  
Appendix E: Calling Black Box  
If you determine that your ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender is malfunctioning, do  
not attempt to alter or repair it. It contains no user-serviceable parts. Contact Black Box  
Technical Support at 724-746-5500.  
Before you do, make a record of the history of the problem. We will be able to provide more  
efficient and accurate assistance if you have a complete description, including:  
The firmware-revision level printed on the bottom of the Extender (very important,  
especially for keyboard and mouse problems); The KVM extender’s firmware revision  
level:  
Version Number Format: xxSyy/zz  
xx is the hardware revision number  
yy is the firmware revision number  
zz is the auxiliary revision number.  
The nature and duration of the problem.  
When the problem occurs.  
The components involved in the problem—that is, what type of computers, what type of  
keyboard, brand of mouse, make and model of monitor, type and make of CAT5 cable,  
etc.  
Any particular application that, when used, appears to create the problem or make it  
worse.  
The results of any testing you’ve already done.  
To solve some problems, it might be necessary to upgrade the Extender’s firmware. If this  
turns out to be the case for your difficulty, our Technical Support technicians will arrange for  
you to receive the new firmware and will tell you how to install it.  
Shipping and Packaging  
If you need to transport or ship your ServSwitch™ Brand CAT5 KVM Extender:  
Package it carefully. We recommend that you use the original container.  
If you are shipping it for repair, please include the Remote Unit’s external power supply.  
If you are returning it, please include everything you received with it. Before you ship  
the Extender back to Black Box for repair or return, contact us to get a Return  
Authorization (RA) number.  
49  
 
APPENDIX F: SPECIFICATIONS  
Appendix F: Specifications  
Video  
1600x1280@60Hz up to 65m  
1280x1024@75Hz up to 120m  
1024x768@75Hz up to 300m  
Maximum Resolution  
Operation at higher resolutions/refresh rates may be  
possible at shorter distances  
VGA to UXGA, RGB  
0.7V P-P  
Video Compatibility  
Video I/O  
3-stage continuously variable.  
DC  
Video Compensation  
Video Coupling  
Sync I/O  
H/V or composite  
TTL signal levels  
Sync Polarity is preserved  
HD15 (Male)  
DB25 Female (ACUREMSW - CPU)  
Video Input Connectors  
Video Output Connectors  
HD15 (Female)  
Keyboard and Mouse  
PC/AT, PS/2  
KB Compatibility  
Standard PS/2 two/three button  
Standard wheel mice  
Mouse Compatibility  
Logitech 3-button PS/2  
6-Pin MiniDIN Socket  
DB25 Female (ACUREMSW - CPU)  
KB/Mouse Connectors  
(CPU)  
6-Pin MiniDIN Socket  
KB/Mouse Connectors  
(Device)  
50  
 
APPENDIX F: SPECIFICATIONS  
Serial Interface  
19.2K Baud  
Transparent  
Max Baud Rate Supported  
Serial Data Format  
TX, RX, RTS, CTS, DTR, DSR  
DB9 Female (DCE)  
Signals Transferred  
Local Unit Connector  
Remote Unit Connector  
DB9 Male (DTE)  
Audio Interface  
Bi-directional stereo audio link  
Description  
Digitized virtually CD quality audio (16-bit, 38.4kHz)  
Line level (4 Volts Pk-Pk maximum)  
47kΩ  
Transmission method  
Signal levels  
Input Impedance  
Local Unit Connectors  
Remote Unit connectors  
Microphone Support  
2x3.5mm stereo jack socket (Line In & Line Out)  
2x3.5mm stereo jack socket (Line/Mic In & Line Out)  
Microphone may be connected to Remote Unit  
Pullup resistor provides bias for condenser microphone  
Option to set microphone amplification to +17dB  
Power Requirements  
5V at up to 200mA supplied by PCs PS/2 keyboard port.  
Local Unit  
External PSU may also be connected through keyboard  
port  
9V, 2A (18W) Regulated  
Remote Power Supply  
(certified to all relevant safety standards)  
Universal IEC Input  
Isolated Output  
2.5mm DC Jack (Center Positive)  
51  
 
APPENDIX F: SPECIFICATIONS  
Size and Shipping Weight  
Remote Unit: 202x100x36mm  
ACUREMSW  
Shipping Weight: 1.08 Kg  
Remote Unit: 202x100x44mm (1U)  
Shipping Weight: 1.14 Kg  
ACUVREM  
ACU1022A  
Local Unit: 202x100x44mm (1U)  
Remote Unit: 202x100x44mm (1U)  
Shipping Weight: 2.53 Kg  
Local Unit: 202x100x44mm (1U)  
Remote Unit: 202x100x44mm (1U)  
Shipping Weight: 2.58 Kg  
ACU1028A  
ACU1049A  
Local Unit: 202x100x36mm  
Remote Unit: 202x100x36mm  
Shipping Weight: 2.48 Kg  
Environmental  
0 to 40 °C  
Operating Temperature  
Storage Temperature  
Relative Humidity  
-30 to 65 °C  
5-90% non-condensing  
Fully shielded. Black painted steel  
Chassis Construction  
52  
 
NOTES  
 
NOTES  
 
 
Customer Support Information:  
Order toll-free in the U.S.: Call 877-877-BBOX (outside U.S. call 724-746-5500)  
For FREE Technical Support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, call 724-746-5500 or fax 724-746-0746  
Mailing address: Black Box Corporation, 1000 Park Dr., Lawrence, PA 15055-1018  
World-Wide Web: www.blackbox.com • Email: info@blackbox.com  
 
© Copyright 2009. Black Box Corporation. All rights reserved.  

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